Traffic Accident Analysis in Poland: Integrating Weather Data and Sociodemographic Factors

This dataset provides a comprehensive resource for analyzing road traffic accidents (RTAs) in Poland by integrating accident records with high-resolution weather data and regional sociodemographic indicators. It covers traffic incidents recorded between 2020 and 2023, sourced from the national Accident and Collision Recording System (SEWIK). A key feature of this dataset is the spatial interpolation of meteorological data. Using universal kriging with elevation drift, point-based measurements from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW) were transformed into continuous weather surfaces. This process attributes precise, location-specific weather conditions (temperature, humidity, and precipitation) to each accident record, overcoming the limitations of sparse weather station networks. The archive consists of three primary CSV files: incidents.csv: The main table containing detailed records for each traffic accident. Each record includes incident characteristics (e.g., location, time, type, road conditions, speed limit) linked with its interpolated weather data and corresponding yearly socioeconomic indicators for the county. weather-data.csv: Daily weather data (average temperature, average humidity, and total precipitation) aggregated at the county level for the entire study period. socioeconomic-indicators.csv: Yearly socioeconomic data from Statistics Poland (GUS) at the county, voivodeship, and national levels. Indicators include population density, road infrastructure metrics (e.g., length and quality of paved roads), and vehicle fleet composition (e.g., counts of passenger cars, trucks, buses). This dataset is intended to serve as a foundational resource for researchers, data scientists, and policymakers for a wide range of analyses, including spatiotemporal risk modeling, causal inference studies, and the development of evidence-based road safety strategies in Poland. It is released under a CC BY 4.0 license and is accompanied by the descriptive paper to ensure full reproducibility and facilitate further research into evidence-based road safety strategies.