Antibiotic-induced microbiome modulation decreases neuroinflammation and cell death in a murine model of traumatic brain injury

In this study, we investigate the effects of antibiotic (ABX) treatment on the microbiome, neuroinflammation, and tissue architecture following TBI in C57BL/6J male mice. Utilizing a controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury model, mice were injured and then treated with either a cocktail of ABX (ampicillin, gentamicin, metronidazole, vancomycin) or a vehicle (VEH). A second CCI was administered using identical parameters five weeks after the initial CCI and the gut microbiome variation was characterized.