Percent contribution of the bystander effect to the total direct exposure effect in cobalt-60 irradiated cells for nucleoplasmic bridges.

aNumber of bridges per 1000 binucleated cells after subtracting the baseline (0 dose) values for that cell line.bPercent of the induced total direct exposure response that can be attributed to the induced bystander effect.cPercent bystander component could not be evaluated because the induced bystander effect is negative.