Translation and question format experiments: ESS 2006, ESS 2008, ESS 2010, ES...

Over the years a variation of tests has been conducted within the various international surveys, as ESS, EVS and ISSP. Both at the international and national level tests...多年来，在欧洲社会调查（ESS）、欧洲价值观调查（EVS）以及国际社会调查项目（ISSP）等各类国际调查中，已开展了多种变体测试。此类测试既在国际层面与国家层面同步推进……