比较转录组分析揭示了凡纳滨对虾对高盐度的适应机制

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)是一种广盐养殖对虾，但不同品种对高盐的耐受性不同。为了阐明潜在的耐高盐机制，我们采用比较转录组方法来发现耐受性家系和易感家系在转录水平上的差异。在正常和高盐条件下，耐盐家系和敏感家系的差异表达基因(DEG)分别为98个和58个。耐受性家系中上调的DEGs主要富集于刺激反应的生物学过程中。该基因本体(Gene Ontology, GO)术语中的9个CRCN编码基因在耐盐家族中的表达量显著高于易感家族，表明CRCN可能在对虾耐高盐中起重要作用。高盐处理后，从耐盐家族和敏感家族分别鉴定出233个和109个DEG。丝氨酸型内肽酶活性、丝氨酸型肽酶活性和丝氨酸水解酶活性在高盐处理后居前三位。进一步分析表明，这三个基因也是耐盐家族高盐胁迫下特异性上调的DEG。同时，在高盐胁迫下，这三个GO分类中丝氨酸蛋白酶家族中注释的4个基因在耐盐家系中上调，而在易感家系中没有变化。这些结果表明，丝氨酸蛋白酶在虾耐高盐性中起关键作用。本研究为了解虾类耐高盐胁迫的机理提供了重要信息，为进一步选育耐高盐虾类品种提供了理论依据。

Litopenaeus vannamei is a euryhaline cultured shrimp, but different varieties exhibit varying tolerances to high salinity. To elucidate the underlying high-salinity tolerance mechanisms, we employed comparative transcriptomics to identify transcriptomic differences between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive families. Under both normal and high-salinity conditions, the numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive families were 98 and 58, respectively. Upregulated DEGs in tolerant families were mainly enriched in biological processes related to stimulus response. Nine CRCN-encoding genes annotated in the Gene Ontology (GO) terms exhibited significantly higher expression levels in salt-tolerant families than in sensitive families, suggesting that CRCN may play an important role in the high-salinity tolerance of shrimp. After high-salinity treatment, 233 and 109 DEGs were identified in tolerant and sensitive families, respectively. Serine-type endopeptidase activity, serine-type peptidase activity, and serine hydrolase activity ranked among the top three enriched GO terms after high-salinity treatment. Further analysis demonstrated that the genes corresponding to these three activities were also specifically upregulated DEGs in tolerant families under high-salinity stress. Meanwhile, under high-salinity stress, four genes annotated to the serine protease family within these three GO categories were upregulated in tolerant families, but showed no changes in sensitive families. These results indicate that serine proteases play a critical role in the high-salinity tolerance of shrimp. This study provides important insights into the mechanisms underlying high-salinity stress tolerance in shrimp, and offers a theoretical foundation for further breeding of high-salinity tolerant shrimp varieties.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集基于凡纳滨对虾的比较转录组分析，旨在揭示其对高盐度的适应机制。研究发现，耐盐家系在高盐条件下表现出更多差异表达基因，特别是CRCN基因和丝氨酸蛋白酶相关基因的上调，这些基因在耐高盐性中起关键作用。数据涵盖2020年12月至2021年12月在海南省文昌市采集的样本，以XLS格式存储，为虾类耐高盐育种提供了理论依据。