A 30 m Multi-Year Dataset of Major Crop Distributions in Xinjiang, China (2013–2024) Based on Harmonized Landsat–Sentinel-2 Data

Dataset Title: A 30 m Multi-Year Dataset of Major Crop Distributions in Xinjiang, China (2013–2024) Based on Harmonized Landsat–Sentinel-2 DataDescription:This dataset provides annual maps of major crop distributions across the Xinjiang region of China from 2013 to 2024 at a spatial resolution of 30 m. The maps were generated exclusively using the Harmonized Landsat–Sentinel (HLS) L30 Version 2.0 surface reflectance product, which integrates observations from Landsat 8/9 and Sentinel-2 sensors into a consistent radiometric and geometric framework.The dataset includes major crop types in Xinjiang, such as cotton, maize, wheat, rice, and other agricultural land-use categories, which are organized into eight thematic classes. All crop distribution maps were produced using a unified classification framework implemented on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform. The processing workflow integrates all available high-quality HLS observations, models crop phenological trajectories using harmonic analysis of NDVI and LSWI time series, and applies a Random Forest classifier to identify crop types at the pixel level.File Naming and Data Explanation:File naming format: `year.tif` (e.g., `2019.tif`)Raster values (1-8) and corresponding crop types:1. Spring Maize2. Summer Maize3. Rice4. Winter Wheat5. Spring Wheat6. Cotton7.Other economic crops8. Economic ForestData Specifications:Spatial Coverage: Xinjiang, ChinaTemporal Coverage: 2013-2024 (30m),Spatial Resolution: 30 metersData Format: GeoTIFFMap Projection: WGS84 (EPSG:4326)Key Crops: Cotton, Corn, Wheat, Rice, etc. (Full classification listed above).