Longitudinal characterization of the metabolome of dairy cows transitioning from one lactation to the next one: Investigations in the liver

Liver samples from 12 dairy cows were analyzed using the Biocrates MxP^® Quant 500 kit with targeted metabolomics. Metabolomic analysis of the liver during early lactation revealed remarkable changes in amino acids, biogenic amines, acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins and bile acids. These shifts highlight metabolic adaptations to the increased energy demands of lactation, suggesting metabolic stress and incomplete fatty acid oxidation in the liver. <br>