【Research data】Configurational pathways for core enterprises’ chokepoint technology breakthroughs: A digital innovation ecosystem perspective

File 1 mainly consists of three modules. The first module contains variables related to collaboration actors in the digital innovation ecosystem, and is primarily used to characterize firms’ collaborative relationships with external innovation actors. Specifically, it includes the overall scale of collaborative actors, as well as the breadth or depth of collaboration with universities and research institutes, industry organizations, and government departments, comprising a total of 60 observations. The second module contains variables related to R&D funding support, mainly including firms’ average annual operating revenue, average annual R&D investment, average annual government subsidies, and the proportions of R&D investment and government subsidies relative to operating revenue. These variables are used to measure the financial basis of firms’ innovation activities and the intensity of external support, with a total of 60 observations. The third module contains patent-related variables, mainly including the total number of patents, the number of core patents, the number of derivative patents, as well as indicators such as the proportion, score, and breakthrough level of patents related to core technologies and derivative technologies. These variables are used to reflect firms’ technological innovation output and their level of breakthrough in “bottleneck” technologies, with a total of 60 observations.File 2 mainly consists of two modules. The first module contains raw patent data, including patent publication number, application number, applicant, application year, grant year, IPC classification, citation counts, and forward citation counts, with a total of 1,663 observations. The second module provides the scoring and ranking of each patent, including citation score, forward citation score, cross-category score, number-of-rights-holders score, total score, and total score ranking, with a total of 1,663 observations.