Singel amplified genomes from the Parcubacteria super phylum collected from the Mariana Trench. OD1 single cells from Mariana Trench

This study describes the analysis thirteen Parcubacteria single amplified genomes (SAGs) from a sediment sample collected within the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, obtained during the Deepsea Challenge (DSC) Expedition. The SAGs (herein called DSC OD1) are distributed throughout the superphylum mostly in unknown/undesignated lineages. One of these lineages accounts for much of the metabolic novelty described in this report. DSC OD1s have larger genomes sizes and encode features not previously identified in Parcubacteria obtained from other habitats. This includes components of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxygen and nitrate respiratory systems, enzymes for coping with oxidative stress, and the presence of genes involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, reflective of an altered cellular architecture. These results present an amended view of the Parcubacteria superphlum, challenge the existing notion that their members are strictly anaerobic fermentative organisms and indicate that Parcubacteria residing in ultra-deep hadal environments are capable of much greater metabolic versatility than previously recognized in this superphylum.