Highly multiplexed bioactivity screening reveals human and microbiota metabolome-GPCRome interactions

The human body contains thousands of metabolites derived from mammalian cells, the microbiota, food, and medical drugs. Many bioactive metabolites act through the engagement of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); however, technological limitations constrain current explorations of metabolite-GPCR interactions. Here, we developed a highly multiplexed screening technology called PRESTO-Salsa that enables simultaneous assessment of nearly all conventional GPCRs (>300 receptors) in a single well of a 96-well plate. Using PRESTO-Salsa, we screened 1,041 human-associated metabolites against the GPCRome and uncovered novel endogenous, exogenous, and microbial GPCR agonists. Next, we leveraged PRESTO-Salsa to generate an atlas of microbiome-GPCR interactions across 435 human microbiome strains from multiple body sites, revealing conserved patterns of cross-tissue GPCR engagement and a novel interaction between the Porphyromonas gingivalis protease gingipain K and CD97/ADGRE5. These studies thus establish a highly multiplexed bioactivity screening technology and expose a diverse landscape of human, diet, drug, and microbiota metabolome-GPCRome interactions.