MRN activates ATM
收藏reactome.org2025-01-22 收录
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MRN promotes dissociation of ATM dimers to ATM monomers which is accompanied by ATM trans-autophosphorylation on serine residue S1981 (Bakkenist et al. 2003, Du et al. 2014). ATM autophosphorylation at serine residues S367 and S1893 is also implicated in ATM activation (Kozlov et al. 2006). Dissociation of ATM dimers requires the ATP-dependent DNA-helicase activity of the MRN subunit RAD50 (Lee and Paull 2005). KAT5 (Tip60) mediated acetylation of ATM dimers at lysine K3016 is a prerequisite for ATM kinase activity (Sun et al. 2007). Upon the dissociation of ATM dimers induced by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), a fraction of activated ATM is retained at DSB sites, co-localizing with the MRN complex (Andegeko et al. 2001, Uziel et al. 2003) at ionizing radiation-induced foci (IRIF). MRN facilitates the binding of a portion of ATM substrates to ATM (Lee and Paull 2004).<p>After DSBs are repaired, ATM is dephosphorylated by an unidentified PP2A phosphatase complex, leading to dimer reformation (Goodarzi et al. 2004).
MRN蛋白促进ATM二聚体的解离,进而导致ATM在丝氨酸残基S1981上的转自磷酸化(Bakkenist等,2003年,Du等,2014年)。ATM在丝氨酸残基S367和S1893上的自磷酸化亦与ATM的激活相关(Kozlov等,2006年)。ATM二聚体的解离过程依赖于MRN亚基RAD50的ATP依赖性DNA解旋酶活性(Lee和Paull,2005年)。KAT5(Tip60)介导的ATM二聚体在赖氨酸K3016位点的乙酰化是ATM激酶活性发挥的前提条件(Sun等,2007年)。在DNA双链断裂(DSBs)诱导的ATM二聚体解离后,一部分被激活的ATM保留在DSB位点,与MRN复合体(Andegeko等,2001年,Uziel等,2003年)在电离辐射诱导的焦点(IRIF)中发生共定位。MRN蛋白有助于ATM底物部分与ATM的结合(Lee和Paull,2004年)。DSBs修复完成后,ATM被未知的PP2A磷酸酶复合体去磷酸化,从而导致二聚体的重新形成(Goodarzi等,2004年)。
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