Landscape controls of mineral weathering drive soil carbon stocks and protection in Greenland’s dry tundra

This dataset contains soil, topographic, and temperature measurements from post-glacial landscapes near Kangerlussuaq, Greenland. Samples were collected in 2017 and 2019 across four sites spanning a ~43 kilometer (km) transect from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) margin. The purpose of the dataset is to evaluate how soil development, moisture, mineralogy, and topography influence carbon storage and microbial activity in Arctic soils. Contents include: Soil moisture (gravimetric and volumetric), soil pH, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, exchangeable calcium content, extractable iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) using pyrophosphate, oxalate, and citrate-dithionite methods, microbial respiration rates from long-term incubations (5 degrees Celsius [°C] and 10°C), Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (Q₁₀), Topographic variables including elevation, aspect (northness), and topographic wetness index (TWI), sampling metadata: site location, vegetation cover, and depth (0–10 centimeters [cm] and 10–20 cm).