WorldClim

WorldClim is a website that contains a database of high spatial resolution global weather and climate data. This data can be used for mapping and spatial modeling. The data is provided for use in research and related activities. The website contains three types of data.
First, ""historical climate data (WorldClim version 2.1)"" contains 19 “bioclimatic” variables related to temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, and water vapor pressure. These data are available for 1970-2000 period at a spatial scale of ~1 km2 (30 seconds) gridded area. These data are constructed from multiple data sources.
Second, the “Historical monthly weather data” contains historical monthly weather data for 1960-2018. These data are downscaled from CRU-TS-4.06 by the Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia, using WorldClim 2.1 for bias correction. The variables available are average minimum temperature (°C), average maximum temperature (°C) and total precipitation (mm). The lowest spatial resolution at which the data is available is 2.5 minutes (~21 km2 at the equator).
Third, “Future climate data” contains CMIP6 downscaled future climate projections. The downscaling and calibration (bias correction) was done with WorldClim v2.1 as baseline climate. Monthly values of minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and precipitation were processed for 23 global climate models (GCMs), and for four Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs): 126, 245, 370 and 585. The monthly values were averages over 20 year periods (2021-2040, 241-2060, 2061-2080, 2081-2100). The lowest spatial resolutions at which the data is available is 30 seconds.

WorldClim是一个搭载高空间分辨率全球天气与气候数据库的专业网站，此类数据可应用于制图与空间建模工作，仅供科研及相关活动使用。该网站共包含三类数据：
第一类为“历史气候数据（WorldClim version 2.1）”，涵盖19项与气温、降水、太阳辐射、风速及水汽压相关的生物气候变量。该数据覆盖1970-2000年时段，空间分辨率为约1平方千米（30角秒）的格网区域，其构建依托多源数据源。
第二类为“历史逐月气象数据”，包含1960-2018年的历史逐月气象数据。该数据由东英吉利大学气候研究单位（Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia）基于CRU-TS-4.06数据集，通过WorldClim 2.1进行偏差校正后完成降尺度处理。可用变量包括平均最低气温（℃）、平均最高气温（℃）及总降水量（mm）。该数据的最低可用空间分辨率为2.5角分（赤道区域约21平方千米）。
第三类为“未来气候数据”，包含经降尺度处理的CMIP6（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6）未来气候预估数据。该数据以WorldClim v2.1作为基准气候完成降尺度与偏差校正，涵盖23个全球气候模式（GCMs，Global Climate Models）的最低气温、最高气温及降水量逐月值，以及4种共享社会经济路径（SSPs，Shared Socio-economic Pathways）：126、245、370与585。逐月数据为对应20年时段的平均值，分别为2021-2040年、2041-2060年、2061-2080年及2081-2100年。该数据的最低可用空间分辨率为30角秒。

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背景概述

WorldClim是一个高空间分辨率的全球气候数据库，提供历史（1970-2000年）和未来（2021-2100年）的气候数据，涵盖温度、降水、太阳辐射等多种变量。该数据集包含历史观测、月度天气记录以及基于CMIP6模型的未来气候预测，支持多种共享社会经济路径（SSP）情景，适用于全球尺度的制图和空间建模研究。