Overview of Sample Distribution.

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the impact of physical exercise on university students’ life satisfaction and analyses the chain mediation effect of general self-efficacy and health literacy, providing empirical reference and theoretical foundation for the comprehensive enhancement and optimization of students’ mental health.MethodBased on data from the “China University Student Physical Activity and Health Tracking Survey” (CPAHLS-CS) 2024, the measurement scales used included the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and the 9-item Short Form Health Literacy Scale (HLS-SF9). A total of 4575 valid samples were analyzed.ResultsA significant positive correlation was found between physical exercise and life satisfaction (r = 0.137, P ConclusionUniversity students’ life satisfaction is closely related to physical exercise, general self-efficacy, and health literacy. General self-efficacy and health literacy play a full mediating role in the effect of physical exercise on life satisfaction.