Pollen analysis of marine sediment core SCS_GC-1

To conduct a better understanding of the paleoenvironmental and paleoceanic significance on a millennial scale over the last 33 ka in northern South China Sea, we investigate a marine sediment core SCS GC-1 which was retrieved from the northern SCS during R/V Songhang (Shanghai Ocean University) cruise in October 2022 (18.47°N, 116.34°E; water depth of 3764 m) using multiproxy approach including palynological analysis, geochemistry and biogeochemistry analysis. The records well indicate significance of glacial-interglacial climate and oceanic variability on a millennial scale over the last 33 ka. Four distinct climatic periods have been determined as pre-Last Glacial Maximum (33-26 ka), Last Glacial Maximum (26-15.6 ka), last deglaciation (15.6-11.7 ka) and the Holocene (11.7 ka-present).