矮生早花雜交麻瘋樹之選育 Selection on the short (shrubby) stem and early flowering Jatropha hybrids

103年度的工作以F2、F3、F4回交雜交作業為主，並進行雜交組合苗木的地域試驗。麻瘋樹雜交回交作業中完成F2有3組合、F3有22組合及F4有26組合，而其中有25個為回交組合，並育成210株苗木，分別栽植於花蓮大富及高雄燕巢試區。2014年7月花蓮大富樣區又遭颱風豪雨侵襲，麻瘋樹受到積水影響，成活率不佳，但F1組培苗木受害並不嚴重，顯示其耐淹水特性。麻瘋樹太麻里34號種源後裔之四湖1及四湖2種源則也有45%及23%的成活率。2013年5月起設立之高雄燕巢試區雜交F1、F2、F3、F4世代102株苗木中已有14株開花結實，顯示雜交F3、F4世代具有琴葉麻瘋樹的矮生早花習性。從雜交種的種子形態分析，部分雜交單株之F3世代的種子重及形態已接近麻瘋樹的種子形態。目前採得之雜交F1、F2、F3世代初期種子之油脂含油率在30%以下，其脂肪酸成分分析的結果F3世代中以麻瘋樹為母親本所雜交後代之脂肪酸組成與母本相近，顯示以麻瘋樹為母親本的雜交育種較能維持種子油脂組成的穩定，但仍需後續觀察來確認。

In 2014 we are conducted on the F2、F3、F4 and back cross(BC) hybrids. There are 3 combinations for F2, 22 combinations for F3 and 26 combinations for F4 ,including 25 back cross combinations. We raised 210 seedling where were transplanted in Dafu(Hualien) and Yenchao(Kaoshing) plants for the regional study. The Jatropha plants were suffered by water logging of typhoon storm on July, 2014 in Dafu plot. The casuality of J. curcas were severed than F1 hybrids of micro-propagated. The survival rate for J. curcas of Suehu1 and Suehu2 are 45％ and 23％ in respected. There are 14 trees blossomed and fruited on F1、F2、F3 and F4 hybrids in Yenchao plot. The F3 hybrids performed flowering character of J. integerrima. The seed morphology of hybrids which were close to the seeds of J. curcas on seed weigh and seed size. The primary harvested seed oil content of F1、F2 and F3 hybrids were less than 30％. The seed fatty acid of the F3 hybrids with ♀ parent of J. curcas which were closer to the content of J. curcas it is implied the hybridization breeding with the ♀ parent of J. curcas which will possessed the seed oil fatty acid character of J. curcas.