Data_Sheet_6_Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the resistance mechanism of quinoa seedlings to Spodoptera exigua.PDF

Quinoa has attracted considerable attention owing to its unique nutritional, economic, and medicinal values. The damage intensity of Spodoptera exigua at the seedling stage of quinoa fluctuates with the crop’s biological cycle and the environmental changes throughout the growing season. In this study, we used independently selected quinoa seedling resistant and susceptible cultivars to investigate the difference between insect resistance and insect susceptibility of quinoa at the seedling stage. Samples were collected when Spodoptera exigua 45 days after planting the seedlings, and broad targeted metabolomics studies were conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrophotometry combined with transcriptomic co-analysis. The metabolomic and genomic analyses of the insect-resistant and insect-susceptible quinoa groups revealed a total of 159 differential metabolites and were functionally annotated to 2334 differential genes involved in 128 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. In total, 14 metabolites and 22 genes were identified as key factors for the differential accumulation of insect-resistant metabolites in quinoa seedlings. Among them, gene-LOC110694254, gene-LOC110682669, and gene-LOC110732988 were positively correlated with choline. The expression of gene-LOC110729518 and gene-LOC110723164, which were notably higher in the resistant cultivars than in the susceptible cultivars, and the accumulations of the corresponding metabolites were also significantly higher in insect-resistant cultivars. These results elucidate the regulatory mechanism between insect resistance genes and metabolite accumulation in quinoa seedlings, and can provide a basis for the breeding and identification of new insect-resistant quinoa cultivars as well as for screening potential regulatory metabolites of quinoa insect-resistant target genes.

藜麦因其独特的营养价值、经济价值和药用价值而备受关注。在藜麦幼苗期，小菜蛾的损害强度随作物生物周期以及生长季节中的环境变化而波动。本研究中，我们利用独立选育的藜麦抗病和易感品种，探究了藜麦幼苗期的抗虫性与易感性差异。在播种幼苗45天后，收集样本，并采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术结合转录组共分析，开展了广泛的靶向代谢组学研究。通过对抗虫性与易感藜麦组进行的代谢组和基因组分析，共鉴定出159种差异代谢物，并利用京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析将其功能注释到2334个差异基因中，涉及128条代谢途径。总共，14种代谢物和22个基因被鉴定为藜麦幼苗中抗虫代谢物差异积累的关键因素。其中，基因LOC110694254、基因LOC110682669和基因LOC110732988与胆碱呈正相关。在抗病品种中显著高于易感品种的基因LOC110729518和基因LOC110723164的表达，以及相应代谢物的积累也在抗虫品种中显著增加。这些结果阐明了藜麦幼苗中抗虫基因与代谢物积累之间的调控机制，并为培育和鉴定新的抗虫藜麦品种以及筛选藜麦抗虫目标基因的潜在调控代谢物提供了理论基础。