Dataset of multi-dimensional electrical performance for large-capacity mining power lithium-ion batteries at early calendar aging under coupled temperature and soc conditions

To address the issue of performance degradation due to calendar aging caused by long-term storage of mining power batteries before shipment and installation underground, this paper presents a comprehensive dataset of measured electrical and physical performance data from the early stages of calendar aging for 228 Ah commercial prismatic lithium iron phosphate cells under multi-temperature, multi-SOC coupled conditions. The entire aging test period spanned from 24 September 2024 to 16 May 2025. The test setup included three storage temperatures (25 °C, 45 °C, and 60 °C) and four idle SOC levels (30%, 50%, 80%, and 100%), resulting in six cross-comparison test conditions. For each cell, nine cycles of constant-temperature idling and 10 rounds of comprehensive, synchronized electrochemical characterization were conducted at fixed 7-day intervals. Specifically, under the 60 °C/50% SOC condition, cell B4 failed after 35 days of storage due to an irreversible sudden increase in internal resistance; the entire chronological data of the cell’s premature failure was fully recorded. The dataset comprehensively includes capacity decay data at each aging milestone, 30-second HPPC pulse test data compliant with the FreedomCar standard, segmented static OCV-SOC calibration curves, and electrochemical impedance spectra across the full frequency range of 0.001–1000 Hz. It also includes measured data on two types of physical deformation: multi-point thickness expansion and changes in cell weight. All raw data were batch-extracted and standardized using MATLAB software. Zview software was used in conjunction with a PEEC equivalent circuit-which has clear physical significance-to fit and solve the impedance spectra. This yielded a series of quantified derived characteristic parameters, including SEI film impedance, charge transfer resistance, and Warburg diffusion resistance. Existing publicly available aging datasets primarily focus on small-capacity consumer battery cells. This dataset fills the gap in early-stage, experimentally measured data for temperature-SOC-coupled calendar aging of high-capacity lithium-ion batteries used in mining applications.