Isochrony in Titi Monkeys duets: Social context as a proximate cause of duets’ rhythm and regularity

Music and rhythm are typical features of all human cultures, but their biological origins remain unclear. Recent investigations suggest that rhythmic features of human music are shared with animal vocalizations. Moreover, emotions influence human speech and music, similar to what arousal does to the structure of animal sounds. We investigated Coppery titi monkeys' (Plecturocebus cupreus) duet rhythms to assess adherence to rhythmic patterns previously observed only in Old World primates and to deepen our understanding of the proximate causes of non-human primate song rhythm. Titis’ songs were remarkably isochronous, but their tempo depended on the social context: songs sung during territorial confrontations have a slower pace than during early morning singing. Songs had a faster tempo and were less regular when infants were present, suggesting a speed-accuracy tradeoff. Finally, we found that pair-mates perform isochronous songs with the same precision, suggesting that isochrony plays a..., , , # Data from: Isochrony in Titi Monkeys duets: Social context as a proximate cause of duets’ rhythm and regularity

DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA AND FILE STRUCTURE + CODE: \"titi_monkeys_isochrony_code.R\"

A) DATA AND FILE STRUCTURE:

1\) RHYTHMIC PEAKS - RK COUNT (Line 5)

Here, we count the ratios falling in the different on-off integer bins and test the presence of rhythmic categories in the two sexes and in the two contexts of emission.

Dataset: **ratio_titi_ALL_check_peaks.csv** - Raw data of inter-onset-intervals (tk) and the corresponding rhythmic ratios (rk) on the titis songs sample;

VARIABLES DESCRIPTION:

file: name of the duet recording

file_id: name of the TextGrid file for each individual contribution

group: code for each titi pair

date: date of the song audio recording

context: social context in which the duet was emitted

id_ind: the name of the individual singing

sex: male/female; the sex of the individual singing

baby: yes /no; presence or absence of a newborn in...