The tumor immune microenvironment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after gemcitabine plus cisplatin treatment-raw data

Gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) chemotherapy is the standard of care for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the mechanisms underpinning its clinical activity are unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and T and B cell receptor sequencing of matched, treatment-naive and post-GP chemotherapy NPC samples, we identified that GP chemotherapy activated an innate-like B cell (ILB)-dominant antitumor immune response. Collectively, our study provides a high-resolution map of the tumor immune microenvironment after GP chemotherapy and uncovers a role for B cell-centered antitumor immunity. We also identify and validate ILB as a potential biomarker for GP-based treatment in NPC, which could improve patient management.