Contributions of proximate causes to the HIV decline in Zimbabwe.

Form(s) of evidence supporting conclusion: M, epidemiological modeling; QN, survey data; P, program data; QL, qualitative data. See Text S1 for details.aExtent to which changes in the factor concerned can reduce HIV transmission at the population level, as measured and modeled in scientific studies [M & QN].bExtent to which changes in the given behavioral or biological determinant (by population sub-group) have occurred as observed in longitudinal surveys and/or program data.cExtent to which the changes in risk behavior etc. occurred during the period of most rapid reduction in risk as determined by the epidemiological modeling assessment (i.e., about 1999–2003).dTransmission probability could be affected by, for example, levels of blood safety, prevalence of other sexually transmitted infections, HIV medications, or male circumcision.