Counties and Unitary Authorities - United Kingdom

This dataset is part of the Geographical repository maintained by Opendatasoft. This dataset contains data for counties and unitary authorities in the United Kingdom.In 1974 a two-tier administrative structure of (shire and metropolitan) counties and non-metropolitan districts was set up across England and Wales, except for the Isles of Scilly and Greater London. Council functions were divided according to the level at which they could be practised most efficiently. As a consequence, counties took on functions including education, transport, strategic planning, fire services, consumer protection, refuse disposal, smallholdings, social services and libraries, whereas each LAD had responsibility for local planning, housing, local highways, building, environmental health, refuse collection and cemeteries. Responsibility for recreation and cultural matters was divided between the two tiers. Following the Local Government Reorganisation in the 1990s, major changes were implemented to create administrations most appropriate to the needs of the area concerned. The key feature of this change was the introduction of unitary authorities: single-tier administrations with responsibility for all areas of local government. Between 1995 and 1998 these were established in a number of areas across the country, especially in medium-sized urban areas, whilst other areas retained a two-tier structure. Further local government reorganisation occurred in 2009 and there are currently 57 unitary authorities (UA) in England, and 25 shire counties split into 188 (non-metropolitan) districts. Note that due to the changes in Cornwall, the Isles of Scilly are considered a UA for coding purposes.Processors and tools are using this data.EnhancementsAdd ISO 3166-3 codes.Simplify geometries to provide better performance across the services.Add administrative hierarchy.

本数据集隶属于由 Opendatasoft 维护的地理信息库。该数据集收录了英国郡和单一当局的数据。1974年，英格兰和威尔士（除锡利群岛和伦敦大都会区外）设立了由（郡和都市）郡以及非都市区组成的双层行政结构。行政职能根据其最有效的实践层级进行划分。因此，郡承担了包括教育、交通、战略规划、消防服务、消费者保护、废物处理、小农庄、社会福利和图书馆等职能，而每个地方当局负责地方规划、住房、地方道路、建筑、环境卫生、废物收集和墓地等。休闲和文化事务的职责在两个层级之间分配。20世纪90年代的地方政府重组之后，为满足相关地区需求，实施了重大变革，其关键特征是引入了单一当局：负责地方政府所有领域的单层行政机构。1995年至1998年间，这些单一当局在全国多个地区，尤其是中等城市地区设立，而其他地区则保留了双层结构。2009年进一步进行了地方政府重组，目前英格兰有57个单一当局（UA），以及25个分为188个（非都市）区的郡。请注意，由于康沃尔郡的变化，锡利群岛在编码方面被视为单一当局。数据处理者和工具正在使用这些数据。增强功能包括添加 ISO 3166-3 代码、简化几何形状以提供更好的服务性能，以及添加行政层级。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集由英国国家统计局提供，包含英国各县和单一管理区的详细信息，涵盖了1974年以来的地方政府结构变化和1990年代的重组。数据集还进行了ISO代码添加和几何形状简化等增强处理。