MODERN APPROACHES TO THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN ADULTS

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide. Conditions such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias significantly contribute to reduced quality of life and increased healthcare burden. Early diagnosis and effective management are essential for improving clinical outcomes and preventing complications. Recent advances in diagnostic technologies and pharmacological treatment strategies have significantly improved the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews modern approaches to the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular diseases in adults, focusing on current diagnostic methods, pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacological interventions, and preventive strategies. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based clinical practice and individualized patient-centered care.