Dataset related to the article "Plasma Proteomics in Breast Cancer Patients After Radiotherapy: Correlations with Coronary Artery Calcium and Cardiovascular Risk Factors"

This record contains raw data related to the article "Plasma Proteomics in Breast Cancer Patients After Radiotherapy: Correlations with Coronary Artery Calcium and Cardiovascular Risk Factors" Abstract Background: Breast cancer patients treated with radiotherapy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a recognized marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. However, biomarkers of cardiovascular vulnerability after radiotherapy remain poorly characterized. Methods: In this prospective multicenter study, 88 women with early-stage breast cancer who had undergone adjuvant radiotherapy after over five years of follow-up were enrolled. Participants underwent cardiovascular evaluation, CAC assessment by computed tomography and targeted plasma proteomics. Patients were stratified according to the number of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs): Group 1 (0–2 CVRFs, n=53) and Group 2 (3–5 CVRFs, n=35). Protein interaction networks, enrichment analyses, and correlations with CAC were evaluated. Results: CAC burden was higher in patients with multiple CVRFs. CAC scores >300 Agatston units were observed only in Group 2. Proteomics identified 25 differentially abundant proteins. Group 2 showed increased proteins associated with atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic dysfunction, whereas several potentially cardioprotective proteins were reduced. Network and enrichment analyses revealed an inflammatory and immunometabolic signature involving cytokine signaling, adipokine pathways, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Several proteins correlated with CAC burden, including V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 2, cobalamin transport protein, interleukin-6, spondin-2, leukocyte-specific protein 1, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, CD40 ligand, and allograft inflammatory factor 1, whereas advanced glycation end-products and heme oxygenase-1 showed inverse associations. Conclusions: Breast cancer survivors with higher cardiovascular risk exhibit a distinct circulating proteomic profile associated with CAC and atherosclerosis. Integrating plasma proteomics with CAC assessment may improve cardiovascular risk stratification after radiotherapy.