Instructed knowledge shapes feedback-driven aversive learning in striatum and orbitofrontal cortex, but not the amygdala: Immediate reversals with instructions: Instructed Group learners

<p>This analysis identifies regions that show immediate reversals with instructions (CS [previous CS+ &gt; previous CS-] x Phase [Pre - Post] interaction) in the Instructed Group, based on the window surrounding the delivery of instructions. Regions in warm colors showed greater activation to the current CS+ relative to the current CS-, while regions in cool colors show relatively greater activation to the CS- (or deactivation to the CS+). This analysis was restricted to Instructed Group learners, or those individuals who showed differential SCR prior to the first reversal (n = 20). </p>

[](https://neurovault.org/images/60323)

### Collection description

<p>This includes all maps from Atlas et al., 2016. The experiment was an aversive reversal learning task (fear conditioning with reversals) in which participants viewed images (angry faces from the Ekman set) and one stimulus was paired with a shock on 30% of trials. There were 3 reversals across the task. One group (n = 30, Instructed Group) was informed about contingencies before learning &amp; prior to each reversal, whereas a second group (n = 40, Uninstructed Group) learned only through experience. Neuroimaging analyses focused on correlations with dynamic expected value (EV) calculated based on an adapted Rescorla-Wagner learning model with an additional parameter to measure the effects of instructed reversals (see Atlas et al). This model was fit to skin conductance from learners in either the Instructed group (n=20) or the Uninstructed Group (n = 20) to generate Instructed and Feedback-driven EV. We used the best fits from the models fit to each group to generate parametric modulators for fMRI analyses and modeled EV on unreinforced (no shock) trials in our first level analyses and compared within and across groups at second level. We also used task-based fMRI to look at trials surrounding reversal within the Instructed Group to identify regions that update immediately with instruction and those that continue to respond to previous contingencies, and how well reversals correlated with responses to instructions in the DLPFC region that showed greater activation in the Instructed Group across all trials. </p>

###Subject species

homo sapiens

###Modality

fMRI-BOLD

### Analysis level

group

### Cognitive paradigm (task)

reversal learning task

### Map type

T

<p>本研究通过对指令组中指令传递周围窗口的数据分析，识别出呈现即时逆转（CS [先前CS+ &gt; 先前CS-] 与阶段 [前 - 后] 交互）的区域。暖色调区域相较于当前CS-显示出对当前CS+的更高激活度，而冷色调区域则显示出对CS-（或对CS+的失活）的相对更高激活度。该分析仅限于指令组学习者，即那些在首次逆转前表现出差异 SCR 的个体（n = 20）。</p>

[](https://neurovault.org/images/60323)

### 数据集描述

<p>本数据集包含 Atlas 等人于 2016 年发表的地图。实验是一项厌恶逆转学习任务（恐惧条件反射逆转），参与者观察图像（Ekman 集中的愤怒面孔），其中一种刺激在 30% 的试验中与电击配对。任务过程中共有 3 次逆转。一组（n = 30，指令组）在学习之前及每次逆转前被告知情境，而另一组（n = 40，非指令组）仅通过经验学习。神经影像学分析侧重于与基于改进的 Rescorla-Wagner 学习模型计算的动态预期价值（EV）的相关性，该模型增加了一个参数以衡量指令逆转的效果（参见 Atlas 等人）。该模型拟合到指令组（n=20）或非指令组（n = 20）的学习者的皮肤电导，以生成指令驱动的和反馈驱动的 EV。我们使用对每个组拟合的最佳模型来生成 fMRI 分析的参数调节器，并在一级分析中对非强化（无电击）试验中的 EV 进行建模，并在二级分析中比较组和组间。我们还使用基于任务的 fMRI 来观察指令组中逆转周围的试验，以识别立即随指令更新的区域以及继续对先前情境做出反应的区域，并探讨逆转与指令在 DLPFC 区域（在所有试验中指令组均显示出更高激活）对指令的反应之间的相关性。</p>

### 主体物种

homo sapiens

### 模式

fMRI-BOLD

### 分析级别

组

### 认知范式（任务）

逆转学习任务

### 地图类型

T