TABLE 3 in Morphology and Phylogeny Reveal A New Species Of Papiliomyces (Clavicipiteae, Hypocreales) From Yunnan, China

TABLE 3. Comparison of morphological characteristics of Papiliomyces albostromaticus and its related species.
SpeciesP. albastromataP. shibinensisP. longiclavatusP. puniceumStromataStromata arising from the head of the hepialidae larva buried in soil, clavate, most of which were solitary, very few of which were multiple or part of the middle branches, and some gradually branching at the tip, white to greyish white, 37.0–58.0 × 2.5–3.0 mm. Stromata 42.0 mm long, 2.0–3.0 mm wide, growing from the head of Lepidoptera larva, simple.Stromata arising from the head of host, ovary, clavate, solitary, 40.0–60.0 mm long, 3–5 mm thick.Stromata arising from the head of the insect buried in soil, clavate, solitary, red, fleshy, 21.5 × 3.9 mmStipeStipe 17.0–20.0 mm long, 2.0–3.0 mm wide, flexuous, white to faint yellow.Stipe cylindrical, greyish-white to light yellow, fleshy, glabrous, enlarging abruptly at fertile portion.Fertile partFertile part is cylindrical, black to grayish white, with a clear boundary with the stem, 6.5–7.4 × 1.5–2.8 mm.Fertile part on the upper 50% of the stromata, 18.0–22.0 mm long, 2.0–3.0 mm wide, cylindrical or obtuse, faint yellow, differentiated from stipe, without a sterile apex.Fertile head length 15.0–21.0 mm, 4.0–6.0 mm thick, grey white to grey black, mature with a clear boundary with the stalk, no sterile tip.Fertile part immaturePeritheciaPerithecia completely immersed, long ovoid or teardrop, 236.9–365.6 × 76.8–122.7 µm.Ascomata crowded, completely immersed, ampulliform, ovoid to oblong, 630.0–830.0 × 240.0–340.0 μm, curved, with the ostioles opening on the surface of the fertile head.Ascomata, bottle-shaped, buried, 320.0–580.0×110.0– 230.0 μmAsciAsci eight-spored, hyaline, cylindrical; apical cap prominent,hemispherical, separated in the middle.Asci 130.0–200.0 × 5.1–8.3 μm, 8–spored, hyaline, cylindrical, with a prominent apical cap; apical cap 4.7–5.9 × 2.8–3.5 μmAsci, narrowly cylindrical, 8-spored, hyaline, possessing a prominent apical cap, 140.0–230.0×4.8–6.5 μmAscosporesAscospores 120.0–170.0 × 1.4–2.1 μm, hyaline, filiform, smooth–walled, multiseptated with cells 4.0–5.6 μm long.Ascospores are nearly isometric, transparent and colourless, slender, filiform, smooth, mature and break into secondary ascospores.CondiophoresConidiophores produce from aerial hyphae, cylindrical, wall smooth, solitary or absent; phialides were expanded at the base, gradually tapering at the top, ampoule shaped, smooth wall, most of them were solitary, and a few were whorled or solitary from the top of the conidiophores, with a length of 9.8–24.3 µm, a width of 1.5–3.1 µm at the base and a width of 0.5–1.0 µm at the top.Conidiophores short, hyaline, smooth, up to 60 µm long, mostly arising from aerial hyphae. Phialides verticillate, in whorls of two to four, 7.6––37.5 × 1.3–3.2 µm.Two types of phalides: α–phalides and β–phalides. α–phialides 12.6–23.8 × 1.4–2.4 μm, hyaline, smooth, solitary, mostly arising from aerial hyphae, shorter and gradually thinner upwards. β– phalides 28.2–44.5 × 1.2–1.8 μm hyaline, smooth, slender, conical, mostly solitary.Phialides smoothwalled, hyaline, a little swollen base, slender top, 7.8–16.5 × 1.1–1.8 µm.ConidiaConidia were hyaline, smooth surface, ellipse or oval, 3.2–4.5 × 2.7–4.1 µm.Conidia ellipsoidal, ovoid or fusiform, 1–celled, 3.5–5.0 × 2–3 µm, in long divergent, dry chains.α–conidia.1.0–5.1×1.2–2.5 μm, round, single celled, smooth, colourless and transparent. β–conidia 5.8– 9.9×1.3–2.7 μm, fusiform, with sharp ends, single cell and smooth wall.Conidia echinulate, spherical, immature conidia hyaline and mature conidia slight brown, 3.0–5.9 µm.ReferencesThis studyWen et al. (2015)Zhang et al. (2022)Chen et al. (2023)
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