Genome-wide gene expression profiling of three Ethiopian insecticide resistant Anopheles arabiensis populations and two insecticide susceptible Anopheles arabiensis strains

Illumina HiSeq 2500 technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of three Ethiopian field populations of An. arabiensis (Asendabo (ASN), Chewaka (CHW) and Tolay (TOL)) and two An. arabiensis strains (Sekoru (SEK, from Ethiopia) and Moz (MOZ, from Mozambique)). Both ASN, CHW and TOL were previously shown to be resistant against delamethrin and DDT, while the two An. arabiensis strains (SEK and MOZ) were both susceptible to deltamethrin and DDT (Alemayehu et al. 2017, DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2342-y; Witzig et al. 2013, DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2012.112). Differentially expressed genes (absolute fold change (FC) ≥ 2 and Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-value < 0.05) were determined between each insecticide resistant field population (ASN, CHW or TOL) and one of the insecticide susceptible strains (SEK or MOZ). mRNA profiles consisting of four biological replicates each for each population (ASN, CHW, TOL) or strain (SEK, MOZ), twenty samples in total, were generated with RNA collected from ten adult female An. arabiensis mosquitoes.