CARMINE-T2.4: Hazard indicators assessed with existing data and codes

Hazard indicators were assessed using existing data across the CARMINE project pilot sites, focusing on climate hazard indicators and their associated codes. These indicators were computed from multiple datasets (ERA5, E‑OBS, CERRA, EMO‑1, ERA5‑2km) for the historical period 1980–2022, using the 1991–2020 period as a common baseline climate, which is shared by most of the datasets and is established by WMO as climate reference. In addition indicators from EURO-CORDEX CMIP5 climate projections are also provided for 13 models over the period 1971-2100. The table related to the considered ensemble members used is shown below: N Global Model Regional Model Realization 01 HadGEM2‐ES (MOHC) RCA4 (SMHI) r1i1p1 02 EC‐EARTH ICHEC (ICHEC) RCA4 (SMHI) r12i1p1 03 NorESM1‐M (NCC) RCA4 (SMHI) r1i1p1 04 EC‐EARTH ICHEC (ICHEC) CLM4‐8‐17 (CLMcom) r12i1p1 05 MPI‐ESM‐LR (MPI) RCA4 (SMHI) r1i1p1 06 MPI‐ESM‐LR (MPI) REMO2009 (MPI‐CSC) r1i1p1 07 MPI‐ESM‐LR (MPI) REMO2009 (MPI‐CSC) r2i1p1 08 NorESM1‐M (NCC) REMO2015 (GERICS) r1i1p1 09 HadGEM2‐ES (MOHC) RACMO22E (KNMI) r1i1p1 10 EC‐EARTH ICHEC (ICHEC) RACMO22E (KNMI) r12i1p1 11 M‐CM5(CNRM‐CERFACS‐CM5) RACMO22E (KNMI) r1i1p1 12 HadGEM2‐ES (MOHC) HIRHAM5 (DMI) r1i1p1 13 EC‐EARTH ICHEC (ICHEC) HIRHAM5 (DMI) r3i1p1 These models have been chosen accordingly to the Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) in order to properly cover the entire ensemble uncertainty. The code used for the computation of these indicators is available at: https://github.com/FedeleG/CARMINE-T2.4. Below the lists the indicators that were computed is shown: 1. TM (Mean Temperature)2. WSDI (Warm Spell Duration Index: Number of days with TX > 90percentile for 6+ consecutive days)3. HWL (Heatwave Length; Maximum consecutive number of (3+) days with TN > 22°C and TX > 30°C)4. TXx (Annual Maximum of daily TX)5. TNx (Annual Maximum of daily TN)6. SU (Summer Days; Days with TX > 25°C)7. HD (Hot Days; Days with TX > 35°C)8. TR (Tropical Nights; Days with TN > 20°C) 9. PTOT (Total Annual Precipitation)10. RRx1d (Annual maximum 1-day precipitation)11. RRx5d (Annual maximum 5-day cumulated precipitation)12. RR1 (Number of rainy days; RR >= 1 mm)13. RR10 (Number of days with modeate rain; RR >= 10 mm)14. RR30 (Number of days with heavy rain; RR >= 30 mm)15. CWD (Consecutive Wet Days - Maximum annual values of consecutive days with RR >= 1 mm)16. PETth (Potential EvapoTranspiration with Thornthwaite's Method, annual average)17. CDryD (Consecutive Dry Days - Maximum annual values of consecutive days with RR < 1 mm)18. DR_SPI-3 (Annual sum, in abs values, of SPI-3 values <= -0.5) // See Section 519. EWS98 (98th percentile of daily maximum wind speed, one value for each year)20. FWI (Fire Weather Index; Number of days with High or Extreme Fire Danger, FWI > 21)21. CDDs (Cooling Degree Days; Annual sum of difference TM - 22°C, if TM > 22°C)22. GDDs (Growing Degree Days; Annual sum of difference TM - 5°C, if TM > 5°C) )23. GSL (Growing Season Length; Days from first 6 consecutive days with TM > 5°C and first six consecutive days with TM <= 5°C after July 1) Files with name such as: Funen-Odense_CARMINE_Past-Climate_CSAs_Indicators_Timeseries.zip include past climate indicators for a specific CSA and all available indicators and datasets. Meanwhile, files like Barcelona_CARMINE_Climate-Projections_CSAs_Indicators_Timeseries.zip represent CORDEX-CMIP5 climate projection indicators for all the 13-models. Finally, files like CARMINE_Cordex_CMIP5_Barcelona_Ensemble_Outputs_1971_2100.nc contain the statistics for each CSA related to each indicators within the 13-models ensemble.