H3K4me3 HiChIP of immortalized human aortic endothelial cells treated with TNFα against untreated controls. H3K4me3 HiChIP of immortalized human aortic endothelial cells treated with TNFα against untreated controls

TNFα is a potent cytokine to mediate inflammatory response by activation of the master transcription factor NF-kB. Endothelial cells are important participants in inflammatory responses in animals. NF-kB is a major mediator to activate endothelial cells by inducing multiple pro-inflammatory genes in response to TNFα. The process of transcriptional activation is dependent on the context of chromatin interactions/loops. However, the chromatin conformation in response to the cytokine challenge TNFα in human aortic endothelial cells has not been described. Our approach characterized chromatin interactions from active enhancers to promoters as well as active promoters to promoters on a genome-wide scale and highlighted important enhancer candidates for target genes.