Differentially expressed genes of spleen tissues from the greater horseshoe bat across hibernating and active states

Hibernation is a physiological adaptation that enables animals to survive prolonged periods of adverse environmental conditions and is accompanied by changes in immune organ function. Bats exhibit distinctive immune traits that enable viral tolerance and immune homeostasis across active and hibernating states. To characterise transcriptional variation in the spleen, a major peripheral immune organ, during hibernation and active states, we generated spleen RNA sequencing datasets from 8 greater horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) across four physiological states: summer active, torpor, arousal, and winter active, each with two biological replicates (all female). In total, 3,537 genes were identified as differentially expressed among state comparisons. This dataset provides a resource for exploring immune-related transcriptional dynamics in bat spleens and supports future studies on hibernation-associated immune regulation.