GloPINE dataset: model-ready measurements of INP concentrations using PINE instruments

Summary GloPINE: dataset of Ice Nucleating Particle (INP) measurements from campaigns using PINE (Portable Ice Nucleation Experiment) instruments. PINE is an expansion chamber that reproduces the conditions of cloud formation and subsequent supercooling over the period of several minutes. More information on the PINE instrument can be found here. This version (v1) of the GloPINE global INP database includes Level 1 data (measurements per expansion) from twenty field campaigns undertaken between Januray 2018 and December 2023. All INP measurements were made at or above water saturation and are relevant for immersion-mode freezing of cloud droplets. The Level 1 data (information in Section 3) has been collated and binned (6-hour periods and 2 K temperature bins) to provide 'model-ready' datasets that can be readily used for model evaluation and/or application with reanalysis data. More information can be found in the accompanying paper that has been submitted to ESSD. This repository will be updated with a link to the publicly accessible paper when it is available. 1. File details The dataset is available for each campaign (in the GloPINE_INP_dataset_individual_campaigns_v1.tar.gz folder) and as a concatenated file (GloPINE_INP_dataset_v1.nc). Each netcdf file (.nc) provides INP concentrations averaged over regular time intervals of 6-hour and temperature intervals of 2 K. Each file contains the following: latitude_6h: latitude of PINE instrument for each time interval (degrees N) longitude_6h: longitude of PINE instrument for each time interval (degrees E) altitude_6h: altitude of PINE instrument for each time interval (m ASL) time_6h: mid time of binned INP concentration for each time interval (days since 01-01-1900) INP_6h2K: mean INP concentration for each time/temperature interval (m-3) INP_uncertainty_6h2K: uncertainty in mean INP concentration for each time/temperature interval (+/- m-3) temperature_6h2K: mean PINE freezing temperature for each time/temperature interval (K) CV_6h2K: Coefficient of variation (as decimal value) for ice crystal number concentration for each time/temperature interval (-) The concatenated dataset (GloPINE_INP_dataset_v1.nc) contains all variables with dimensions of 'N averaging intervals' (39,843) and only includes intervals when at least one PINE expansion was performed. For the individual campaign datasets in the GloPINE_INP_dataset_individual_campaigns_v1.tar.gz folder, INP_6h2K, temperature_6h2K, and CV_6h2K are in dimensions of nT_bins x ntime_bins. All other variables have dimensions of ntime_bins. Intervals that did not include a PINE expansion are filled with a value (fill_value) of -999. Intervals where at least one expansion was performed but zero ice crystals detected are included as a value of 0. CV_6h2K is based on Poisson statistics of the total number of ice crystals detected during each interval (time and temperature) period. 2. JupyterLab scripts The JupyterLab script Zenodo_GloPINE_INP_dataset_scripts.ipynb provides the scripts used to convert the Level 1 PINE data from each campaign into the averaged Level 2 dataset presented here. The script Zenodo_GloPINE_INP_dataset_examples.ipynb provides examples of how to extract data from the dataset and apply a Coefficient of Variation threshold to the data. 3. Raw Level 1 PINE data The Level 1 PINE output that has been collated to produce this dataset is publicly accessible. Some campaign data (BEIJING and WAO) are included as .csv files in the Level1_datasets_for_zenodo folder, whilst the others are accessible from other repositories. See below for details. Name of campaign Location of Level 1 data HyICE2018 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10469663 PICNIC doi: 10.35097/7gt99xqnh6k8sw42 ExINP-SGP http://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/sgp2019exinpsgp ExINP-ENA http://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/ena2020exinpena CORONA-PINE04 doi: 10.35097/j823gv823jbwy7b0 CORONA-PINE01 doi: 10.35097/m61r3c6tn0t3qk1y CountIce-pt1 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17451020 SBO21 doi: 10.35097/g828m8z2det94691, 10.35097/dxcsmnvfunkx76vx SPL01 doi: 10.35097/rmfxfbr6jegua5cv CALISHTO doi: 10.35097/jxwbwycbyu64n2p0, 10.35097/4xawjaqwteyvx4fr ExINP-NSA http://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/nsa2021exinpnsa BEIJING this repository M-Phase doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17378346 PaCE22 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.13889647 PUY https://www.opgc.fr/DOI/10.25519/sh8r-f866 CountIce-pt2 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17451024 ExINP-GVB doi: 10.35097/dc0vhg052pzx95wx LIFE-FROSTDEFEND doi: 10.35097/mdxcqd7p646cwc0u ExINP-ZEP doi: 10.35097/tdwrwzd5z7nakajv WAO this repository