Microbial dynamics after adding agricultural and livestock waste to clam culture fermentation tank

In this study, we investigated the impacts of two chemically distinct liquid fermented by-products, fermented blood waste (FBW) and acidic pickled mustard brine (APMB), on water quality and microbial community dynamics in intensive hard clam (Meretrix lusoria) aquaculture ponds in Taiwan. Experiments were conducted in three ponds with contrasting management regimes, including a fermentation-based waste treatment pond, a traditional agricultural by-product amended pond, and a natural water exchange pond. Time series sampling was performed across two consecutive experimental phases following FBW and APMB additions.