Parameters used in a priori models for analyzing the distribution of shrubland specialist birds and brown-headed cowbird.

aquadratic for eastern towhee.bnatural log for no. shrubland species and chestnut-sided warbler.cnatural log for prairie warbler and indigo bunting.ddeciduous ericaceous species.equadratic for no. of shrubland species and blue-winged warbler, natural log for chestnut-sided warbler.fnatural log for eastern towhee and blue-winged warbler.gnatural log for eastern towhee, brown-headed cowbird, and the no. of shrub species.hA species-specific autocovariate was used for prairie warbler, indigo bunting, and chestnut-sided warbler.