长江流域500m分辨率潜在湿地空间分布数据集(2020年)

长江流域潜在湿地空间分布数据集，反映了长江流域各地区沼泽湿地的潜在空间分布情况。沼泽湿地（Vegetated wetland）是水陆过渡的特殊区域，即浅水水域和土壤过湿的地段，发育有明显潜育化过程或泥炭化过程的土壤，并具有适应其环境的生物种群。沼泽湿地是最主要的湿地类型，约占全球天然湿地总面积的83.5%，在维持生物多样性、减缓全球变暖、涵养水源等方面具有重要的作用。20世纪50年代以来，受到气候变化和人类活动的双重胁迫，中国沼泽湿地面积大幅减少，空间分布范围明显萎缩。开展潜在湿地模拟不仅能够为中国乃至全球湿地资源保护、管理和修复提供重要的科学基础，也能为遥感湿地制图提供重要的参考依据。

The Spatial Distribution Dataset of Potential Wetlands in the Yangtze River Basin documents the potential spatial distribution of marsh wetlands across all regions of the Yangtze River Basin. Marsh wetlands (Vegetated wetland) are unique transitional zones between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, referring to areas with shallow standing water and waterlogged soils, where soils with prominent gleyization or peatization processes form, and biological communities adapted to this specific habitat thrive. As the most prevalent wetland type, marsh wetlands account for approximately 83.5% of the total global natural wetland area, and exert critical ecological functions in maintaining biodiversity, mitigating global warming, and conserving water resources. Since the 1950s, marsh wetlands in China have experienced a dramatic reduction in their total area and a marked shrinkage of their spatial distribution range under the dual pressures of climate change and human activities. Conducting potential wetland simulations can not only provide a robust scientific basis for the conservation, management, and restoration of wetland resources in China and globally, but also offer valuable references for remote sensing-based wetland mapping.