Table_1_How social-ecological systems resilience unfolds from distinct worldviews.DOCX

Resilience is a critically important factor to consider for sustainably managing natural resources and social-ecological systems (SESs). Each social system will, collectively, have its own goals for how resources are perceived and the principles that underpin their resilience, and, multiple actors, individually, will approach the question with different perspectives. Here, we represent these plural perspectives in terms of worldviews, using the typologies from cultural theory. We combined the underpinning resilience principles from a previously built SES model to assess the extent to which these worldviews influence the results. Resilience was measured using a prototype Dynamic Resilience Index (DRI) validated in a previous publication. The results show the resilience of our SESs will behave in three different ways depending on each worldview used. Free markets (individualists) start the simulation period with a higher resilience. Strong governance (hierarchy) will take a higher position around 2025 and maintain the best value to the end of the simulation in 2100. The precautionary principle (egalitarians) starts with the lowest values for the DRI but ends closer to the strong governance, and it is the only worldview that increased its resilience throughout the simulation. Each worldview couples better to a particular management approach, and the SES behavior responds accordingly. The relevance for the governance of the SES is great as each worldview brings flawed contributions to resilience and wellbeing. Our research also shows that a possible negotiated solution between these worldviews would locate resilience inside the “solution space,” which is graphically determined and discussed. Adopting each worldview is then discussed in terms of contributions and problems they imply to the system's resilience.

韧性对于可持续管理自然资源和社会-生态系统（SESs）而言，是一个至关重要的考量因素。每一个社会系统都将集体性地拥有其对于资源认知的目标以及支撑其韧性的原则，而众多参与者则将各自以不同的视角来探讨这一问题。在此，我们运用文化理论的类型学，将这些多元视角转化为世界观，以评估这些世界观对结果的影响程度。韧性是通过一个在先前出版物中验证过的原型动态韧性指数（DRI）进行衡量的。结果显示，我们SESs的韧性将根据所使用的不同世界观呈现出三种不同的行为方式。自由市场（个人主义者）在模拟期初具有较高的韧性。强有力治理（等级制度）将在大约2025年达到较高位置，并在模拟的结束年份2100年保持最佳价值。预防原则（平等主义者）的DRI初始值最低，但最终接近强有力治理，并且是唯一在整个模拟期间提高韧性的世界观。每个世界观都与特定的管理方法更为契合，SES的行为也会相应地作出反应。对于SES的治理而言，这一相关性至关重要，因为每个世界观都对韧性和福祉提出了有缺陷的贡献。我们的研究还表明，这些世界观之间可能的协商解决方案将韧性置于“解决方案空间”内，这一空间在图形上被确定并进行了讨论。然后，从贡献和它们对系统韧性的影响等角度，对采纳每个世界观进行了探讨。