Surface ice flow characteristics in the Framnes Mountains

From the abstract of one of the referenced papers:Ice-movement surveys in the Framnes Mountains from austral summers 1993-1994 and 1994-1995 are presented with complementary surface elevations and structural interpretations. Surface velocities of 21 m a -1 have been recorded in Ice Stream B and 31 m a -1 in Ice Stream C. The flow rate varied between 11.6 and 21.0 m a -1 over a lateral range of 2.1 km west of Rumdoodle Peak and between 17.1 and 31.5 m a -1 over 2 km west of Mount Parsons. Two ice streams of relative high flow between the central Massom and David Ranges and several zones of incremental increase in flow rate have been identified within Ice Stream B, using shear-sense criteria based as ice-fracture geometry and subsequent deformation of crevasse traces. These zones of localised strain correlate with ice-flow survey measurements.Five strain grids were established using 6 m lengths of bamboo cane as strain markers. The survey was concentrated on high shear-strain regions identified by ice morphology from aerial photographs. Two of these grids consisted of a series of lines across Ice Stream A and Ice Stream B with canes spaced between 700 m and 1 km apart. West of Rumdoodle Peak and Fearn Hill were fine box grids with canes spaced between 200 and 300 m, and west of Mount Parsons were two traverse lines with canes spaced 200 m and the lines separated by 1.5 km, joined by a longitudinal line of five canes. Seven survey control stations were established in bedrock using steel pipe 20 mm in diameter in order to conduct GPS measurements on all strain markers. There were three control stations in the David Range, three in the north Masson Range and one at Mount Henderson.