ATAC-Seq experiment of humanized liver mice with metabolic treatments

To make the human liver accessible to metabolic treatments, we employed a liver-specific humanized mouse model in which approximately 50% of the mouse hepatocytes were replaced by human ones. For the dietary treatment, the humanized mice were allowed free access to food (AL, n=4 for donor1, n=3 for donor2) or subjected to a twenty-four hours food withdrawal (Fast, n=4 for donor1, n=3 for donor2). For the transcription factor agonist treatments, the humanized mice were injected with DMSO (n=4), fenofibrate (n=4, 50mg/kg, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. F6020), rosiglitazone (n=4,10mg/kg, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. R2408) and GW4064 (n=4, 30mg/kg, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. G5172) by i.p. injection. The livers were collected after 6 hours fasting and stored in liquid nitrogen immediately after mice sacrificed. The nuclei were isolated tissues from frozen livers and sent for ATAC-Seq library preparation.The ATAC-Seq DNA library generations were processed using Kaestner lab’s pipeline.The purified DNAs were amplified using TruSeq i7 index primers (Illumina) via PCR. The library quality and quantity were evaluated using Bioanalyzer and Qubit, and the final library was sequenced at NHLBI DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core.