Lake

Name: Lake
Creator: St. Johns River Water Management District
Published: 2026-08-14T01:36:51+08:00

Florida Department of Environmental Protection - MapDirect Data2026-08-14 收录

湖泊地理空间数据库

水资源管理

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https://mapdirect-fdep.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/49d2f409705045dd96e441f0b5463d18_0 数据链接链接失效反馈

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<div style='text-align:Left;font-size:12pt'><div><div>Note: This description is taken from a draft report entitled "Creation of a Database of Lakes in the St. Johns River Water Management District of Northeast Florida" by Palmer Kinser. Introduction“Lakes are among the District’s most valued resources. Their aesthetic appeal adds substantially to waterfront property values, which in turn generate tax revenues for local governments. Fish camps and other businesses, that provide lake visitors with supplies and services, benefit local economies directly. Commercial fishing on the District’s larger lakes produces some income, , but far greater economic benefits are produced from sport fishing. Some of the best bass fishing lakes in the world occur in the District. Trophy fishing, guide services and high-stakes fishing tournaments, which they support, also generate substantial revenues for local economies. In addition, the high quality of District lakes has allowed swimming, fishing, and boating to become among the most popular outdoor activities for many District residents and attracts many visitors. Others frequently take advantage of the abundant opportunities afforded for duck hunting, bird watching, photography, and other nature related activities.”(from likelihood of harm to lakes report).ObjectiveThe objective of this work was to create a consistent database of natural lake polygon features for the St. Johns River Water Management District. Other databases examined contained point features only, polygons representing a wide range of dates, water bodies not separated or coded adequately by feature type (i.e. no distinctions were made between lakes, rivers, excavations, etc.), or were incomplete. This new database will allow users to better characterize and measure the lakes resource of the District, allowing comparisons to be made and trends detected; thereby facilitating better protection and management of the resource.BackgroundPrior to creation of this database, the District had 2 waterbody databases. The first of these, the 2002 FDEP Primary Lake Location database, contained 3859 lake point features, state-wide, 1418 of which were in SJRWMD. Only named lakes were included. Data sources were the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), USGS 1:24000 hydrography data, 1994 Digital orthophoto quarter quadrangles (DOQQs), and USGS digital raster graphics (DRGs). The second was the SJRWMD Hydrologic Network (Lake / Pond and Reservoir classes). This data base contained 42,002 lake / pond and reservoir features for the SJRWMD. Lakes with multiple pools of open water were often mapped as multiple features and many man-made features (borrow pits, reservoirs, etc.) were included. This dataset was developed from USGS map data of varying dates.MethodsPolygons in this new lakes dataset were derived from a "wet period" landcover map (SJRWMD, 1999), in which most lake levels were relatively high. Polygons from other dates, mostly 2009, were used for lakes in regionally dry locations or for lakes that were uncharacteristically wet in 1999, e.g. Alachua Sink. Our intension was to capture lakes in a basin-full condition; neither unusually high nor low. To build the data set, a selection was made of polygons coded as lakes (5200), marshy lakes (5250, enclosed saltwater ponds in salt marsh (5430), slough waters (5600), and emergent aquatic vegetation (6440). Some large, regionally significant or named man-made reservoirs were also included, as well as a small number of named excavations. All polygons were inspected and edited, where appropriate, to correct lake shores and merge adjacent lake basin features. Water polygons separated by marshes or other low-ground features were grouped and merged to form multipart features when clearly associated within a single lake basin. The initial set of lake names were captured from the Florida Primary Lake Location database. Labels were then moved where needed to insure that they fell within the water bodies referenced. Additional lake names were hand entered using data from USGS 7.5 minute quads, Google Maps, MapQuest, Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) county maps, and other sources. The final dataset contains 4892 polygons, many of which are multi-part.Operationally, lakes, as captured in this data base, are those features that were identified and mapped using the District’s landuse/landcover scheme in the 5200, 5250, 5430, 5600 classes referenced above; in addition to some areas mapped tin the 6440 class. Some additional features named as lakes, ponds, or reservoirs were also included, even when not currently appearing to be lakes. Some are now very marshy or even dry, but apparently held deeper pools of water in the past. A size limit of 1 acre or more was enforced, except for named features, 30 of which were smaller. The smallest lake was Fox Lake, a doline of 0.04 acres in Orange county. The largest lake, Lake George covered 43,212.8 acres.The lakes of the SJRWMD are a diverse set of features that may be classified in many ways. These include: by surrounding landforms or landcover, by successional stage (lacustrine to palustrine gradient), by hydrology (presence of inflows and/or outflows, groundwater linkages, permanence, etc.), by water quality (trophic state, water color, dissolved solids, etc.), and by origin. We chose to classify the lakes in this set by origin, based on the lake type concepts of Hutchinson (1957). These types are listed in the table below (Table 1). We added some additional types and modified the descriptions to better reflect Florida’s geological conditions (Table 2). Some types were readily identified, others are admittedly conjectural or were of mixed origins, making it difficult to pick a primary mechanism. Geological map layers, particularly total thickness of overburden above the Floridan aquifer system and thickness of the intermediate confining unit, were used to estimate the likelihood of sinkhole formation. Wind sculpting appears to be common and sometimes is a primary mechanism but can be difficult to judge from remotely sensed imagery. For these and others, the classification should be considered provisional. Many District lakes appear to have been formed by several processes, for instance, sinkholes may occur within lakes which lie between sand dunes. Here these would be classified as dune / karst. Mixtures of dunes, deflation and karst are common. Saltmarsh ponds vary in origin and were not further classified. In the northern coastal area they are generally small, circular in outline and appear to have been formed by the collapse and breakdown of a peat substrate, Hutchinson type 70. Further south along the coast additional ponds have been formed by the blockage of tidal creeks, a fluvial process, perhaps of Hutchinson’s Type 52, lateral lakes, in which sediments deposited by a main stream back up the waters of a tributary. In the area of the Cape Canaveral, many salt marsh ponds clearly occupy dune swales flooded by rising ocean levels. A complete listing of lake types and combinations is in Table 3. <table><tbody><tr><td>Type</td><td>Sub-Type</td><td>Secondary Type</td></tr><tr><td>Tectonic Basins</td><td>Marine Basin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tectonic Basins</td><td>Marine Basin</td><td>Compound doline</td></tr><tr><td>Tectonic Basins</td><td>Marine Basin</td><td>karst</td></tr><tr><td>Tectonic Basins</td><td>Marine Basin</td><td>Phytogenic dam</td></tr><tr><td>Tectonic Basins</td><td>Marine Basin</td><td>Abandoned channel</td></tr><tr><td>Tectonic Basins</td><td>Marine Basin</td><td>Karst</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Compound doline</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Compound doline</td><td>Fluvial</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Compound doline</td><td>Phytogenic</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Doline</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Doline</td><td>Deflation</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Doline</td><td>Dredged</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Doline</td><td>Excavated</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Doline</td><td>Excavation</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Doline</td><td>Fluvial</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Karst</td><td>Karst / Excavation</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Karst</td><td>Karst / Fluvial</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Karst</td><td>Deflation</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Karst</td><td>Deflation / excavation</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Karst</td><td>Excavation</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Karst</td><td>Fluvial</td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Polje</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Spring pool</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solution Lakes</td><td>Spring pool</td><td>Fluvial</td></tr><tr><td>Fluvial</td><td>Abandoned channel</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluvial</td><td>Fluvial</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluvial </td><td>Fluvial </td><td>Phytogenic</td></tr><tr><td>Fluvial </td><td>Levee</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluvial </td><td>Oxbow lake</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluvial </td><td>Strath</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluvial </td><td>Strath</td><td>Phytogenic</td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Deflation</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Deflation</td><td>Dune</td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Deflation</td><td>Excavation</td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Deflation</td><td>Karst</td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Dune</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Dune </td><td>Deflation</td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Dune</td><td>Excavation</td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Dune</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Aeolian</td><td>Dune</td><td>Karst</td></tr><tr><td>Shoreline lakes</td><td>Maritime coastal</td><td>Karst / Excavation</td></tr><tr><td>Organic accumulation</td><td>Phytogenic dam</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Salt Marsh Ponds</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Man made</td><td>Excavation</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Man made</td><td>Dam</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div>

提供机构：

St. Johns River Water Management District

Lake

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