Role of transglutaminase 2 in promoting biglycan synthesis in idiopathic gingival fibromatosis

The mechanism of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis is still unclear. To provide new insights into the molecular and cellular differences between idiopathic gingival fibromatosis and periodontitis, we first identified the gene TGM2, which is differentially expressed between the two. We found that the expression of TGM2 is predominantly lower in idiopathic gingival fibromatosis than in periodontitis, and that the activity of SP1 due to the decreased expression of TGM2 promotes the generation of extracellular matrix-related genes in idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. We have identified biglycan, an extracellular matrix that is specifically upregulated in idiopathic gingival fibromatosis, and highlight the effects of SP1 and TGM2 on biglycan expression. Gingival fibroblasts were established from gingiva isolated from patients with idiopathic gingival fibromatosis and periodontitis.Using data obtained from gingival fibroblasts from two patients with idiopathic gingival fibromatosis and one patient with periodontitis, expression variation was analyzed by GO analysis and volcano plots.