Development of a 5th percentile Chinese female pedestrian injury bionic model and certification in accordance with Euro NCAP CP540

Pedestrian injury risks in car-to-pedestrian collisions are strongly influenced by anthropometric characteristics, yet existing human body models rarely represent small-stature Chinese female pedestrians. This study presents the Tianjin University of Science and Technology Injury Bionic Model (TUST IBMs F05-P), developed to represent a 5th percentile Chinese female pedestrian. Detailed anatomical structures were reconstructed directly from medical imaging data without geometric scaling, preserving subject-specific anatomical geometry, and the model was meshed predominantly with hexahedral elements. A representative walking posture was defined, and the model was evaluated through a certification procedure conducted according to the Euro NCAP CP540 pedestrian human body model certification protocol. Simulation results showed that key biomechanical indicators, including Head Impact Time (HIT), contact forces, and kinematic trajectories, predominantly fell within the response corridors specified in CP540. Quantitative assessment using the CORA (CORrelation and Analysis) method defined in ISO/TS 18571:2024 yielded an overall score of 0.84, indicating a high level of correlation with the CP540 reference corridors. The certification results indicate that the TUST IBMs F05-P produces stable and reproducible responses under the tested impact conditions. By providing an anatomically realistic representation of a small-stature Chinese female pedestrian, this model addresses the lack of population-specific pedestrian models and offers a validated basis for pedestrian injury analysis and vehicle front-end safety evaluation.