IN CHILDREN WITH HEART DEFECTS COMPLEX DENTAL EXAMINATION METHODS

Relevance of the study. According to modern concepts, heart failure in children is a progressive clinical and pathophysiological syndrome that occurs as a result of cardiac or extracardiac causes, leads to characteristic symptoms (edema, respiratory failure, impaired physical development, inability to perform physical exercises) and is accompanied by hemodynamic changes, structural heart remodeling, neurohumoral and molecular diseases. Heart failure is diagnosed in children of the first year of life with congenital heart defects (from 58% to 70%). Cardiomyopathies are the most common cause of heart failure in children with a normally formed heart. Currently, the prevalence of heart failure in children is increasing, which is associated with the increase in the life expectancy of children with cardiomyopathy against the background of advances in surgical treatment of complex congenital heart defects and modern therapeutic methods. In the process of studying heart failure, the pathophysiological concepts underlying its occurrence and development also changed. In the 1950s, the "weak myocardium" theory prevailed, directing the efforts of doctors to increase the contractile function of the heart with the main drug of that time - cardiac glycosides. Later, this theory was replaced by the cardiorenal concept of the development of heart failure, which explained the occurrence of edema syndrome by the inability of the heart to provide adequate renal blood flow. This model of the pathogenesis of heart failure justified the treatment of patients with diuretic drugs.