GroMoPo Metadata for Upper Chaj Doab model

A 3-D finite element model (Feflow) has been used for regional groundwater flow modelling of Upper Chaj Doab in Indus Basin, Pakistan. The thematic layers of soils, landuse, hydrology, infrastructure and climate were developed using Geographic Information System (GIS). The numerical groundwater flow model is developed to configure the groundwater equipotential surface, hydraulic head gradient and estimation of the groundwater budget of the aquifer. Integration of GIS with groundwater modelling and satellite remote sensing capabilities has provided an efficient way of analysing and monitoring groundwater status and its associated land conditions. The Arcview GIS software is used as additive tool to develop supportive data for numerical groundwater modelling, integration and presentation of image processing and modelling results. The groundwater behaviour of the regional model shows a gradual decline in watertable from year 1999 onward. The persistent dry condition and high withdrawal rates play an influential role in lowering down the groundwater levels. Different scenarios were developed to study the impact of extreme climatic conditions (drought/flood) and variable groundwater abstraction on the regional groundwater system. The results of the study provide useful information regarding the behaviour of aquifer in order to organize management schemes on local and regional basis to monitor future groundwater development in the area.

采用三维有限元模型（Feflow）对巴基斯坦印度河流域上游查杰多布地区进行了区域地下水流动模拟。利用地理信息系统（GIS）构建了土壤、土地利用、水文、基础设施和气候等主题层。数值地下水流动模型被开发以配置地下水流电势面、水头梯度以及含水层地下水预算的估算。GIS与地下水模型及卫星遥感技术的集成，为分析监控地下水状况及其相关土地条件提供了一种高效的途径。Arcview GIS软件作为辅助工具，用于开发支持数值地下水模型、集成及图像处理与模型结果展示的数据。区域模型显示，自1999年起地下水位逐渐下降。持续的干旱条件和过高的提取率对降低地下水位起到了显著作用。针对极端气候条件（干旱/洪水）和变化性地下水提取的不同情景被构建出来，以研究其对区域地下水系统的影响。研究结果表明，关于含水层行为的有用信息，有助于在本地和区域层面组织管理方案，以监控该地区未来地下水的发展。