gene expression Fulminant type 1 diabetes vs classical type 1A diabetes vs healthy controls

We determined the genes that were differentially expressed between fulminant type 1 diabetes and classical type 1A diabetes or healthy control using gene expression microarray in peripheral blood cells. Ten patients with type 1 diabetes (5 fulminant and 5 classical type 1A) and 6 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. All patients had recovered from ketosis or ketoacidosis at disease onset and had been receiving intensive insulin injection therapy for at least 1 month, which means that all patients and healthy controls were free of metabolic derangements at the time of blood sampling. To determine the genes that were differentially expressed among fulminant type 1 diabetes, classical type 1A and healthy controls, a volcano plot analysis (fold change >1.5 and p-value <0.05) was performed.