Because You Had a Bad Day: General and Daily Relations between Reactive Temperament, Emotion Regulation, and Depressive Symptoms in Youth

Negative emotionality (NE) and positive emotionality (PE) have repeatedly
shown to act as vulnerability factors for youth depression. Less research
examined the mechanisms through which these reactive temperament traits
may differently confer vulnerability to depression. Based on recent
integrated models of depression proposing emotion regulation as a key
underlying mechanism, the current study aimed to clarify the general and
day-to-day relations among temperament, emotion regulation strategies, and
depressive symptoms in Dutch-speaking youth (35% boys; M_age = 13.27
years, SD = 1.98) using a cross-sectional (n = 495) and a 7-day daily
diary design (n = 469). Self-reported temperament, trait rumination, trait
positive refocusing, and depressive symptoms were measured at baseline.
State rumination, state positive refocusing, and depressive symptoms were
further assessed daily. Whereas results revealed that NE and PE interacted
in predicting baseline and daily depressive symptoms, the cross-sectional
analyses provide preliminary evidence for the hypothesis that NE and PE
each provide unique pathways for understanding vulnerability to
depression. Additional analyses in the daily diary study showed NE to be
significantly related to trajectories of state rumination. Results
contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the associations between
temperament, emotion regulation strategies, and depressive symptoms in
youth.

负性情绪性（Negative Emotionality, NE）与正性情绪性（Positive Emotionality, PE）已被多项实证研究反复证实为青少年抑郁的易感风险因素。目前针对这两种反应性气质特质如何差异化赋予个体抑郁易感性的内在作用机制，相关研究仍较为匮乏。基于近年提出的将情绪调节作为核心内在机制的抑郁整合模型，本研究采用横断面设计（有效被试量n=495）与7天每日日记设计（有效被试量n=469），旨在厘清荷兰语青少年群体中气质、情绪调节策略与抑郁症状之间的总体关联与日常动态关联。该研究样本中男性占比35%，平均年龄为13.27岁，标准差为1.98。研究在基线阶段通过自评方式测量了气质、特质性反刍思维、特质性正性重评以及抑郁症状；并在每日评估环节进一步测量了状态性反刍思维、状态性正性重评与抑郁症状。结果显示，NE与PE在预测基线及日常抑郁症状时存在交互效应；而横断面分析则为"NE与PE各自为理解抑郁易感性提供了独特路径"这一假说提供了初步实证支持。每日日记研究的补充分析进一步表明，NE与状态性反刍思维的变化轨迹存在显著相关。本研究结果有助于更细致深入地理解青少年群体中气质、情绪调节策略与抑郁症状三者间的关联机制。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含一项关于青少年反应性气质、情绪调节策略与抑郁症状关系的研究数据，采用横断面（n=495）和7天日记设计（n=469）收集。数据来自荷兰语青少年样本（平均年龄13.27岁），测量了负面情绪性、正面情绪性、特质与状态反刍、积极重评及抑郁症状，旨在探讨气质通过情绪调节影响抑郁的机制。