National Survey of Access to Medical Care, 1975-1976

This study was undertaken for the purpose of providing baseline national indicators of access to health care for an evaluation of a program of hospital-based primary care group practices funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The main objective of that large-scale social experiment was to improve access to medical care for the population in areas served by the groups. The access framework and questionnaires designed for the study were developed to provide empirical indicators of the concept that could be used to monitor progress toward this objective. Five data collection instruments were used by the study: the Household Enumeration Folder, the Main Questionnaire, the Health Opinions Questionnaire, the Physician Supplement, and the Hospital/Extended Care Supplement. The Household Enumeration Folder collected basic demographic information on all household members and served as a screener for the episode of illness and minority oversamples. The Main Questionnaire collected information on disability, symptoms of illness, episodes of illness, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and access to health care: sources of medical care utilized, problems associated with access to sources of care (e.g., transportation, parking, waiting time for an appointment), satisfaction with medical services received, utilization of medical diagnostic procedures, dental care, and eye care, and insurance coverage and out-of-pocket expenditures for health care. Respondents' opinions concerning the medical care that they received were gauged by the Health Opinions Questionnaire. The Physician Supplement and the Hospital/Extended Care Supplement collected information on physicians contacted and facilities utilized in connection with reported episodes of illness. File 1, File 2, and File 3 constitute the data files for this collection. File 1 comprises data from the Household Enumeration Folder, the Main Questionnaire, and the Health Opinions Questionnaire, plus variables from secondary sources, such as characteristics, derived from the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile, of physicians named as caregivers by respondents, and medical shortage data, from various sources, for the respondent's county of residence. File 2 contains the data from the Physician Supplement, while File 3 provides the data collected by the Hospital/Extended Care Supplement.

本研究旨在为评估由罗伯特·伍德·约翰逊基金会资助的医院基于初级护理小组实践项目提供国家层面的健康医疗服务可及性基准指标。这一大规模社会实验的主要目标在于提升由这些小组服务区域内人群的医疗保健可及性。为达成此目标，研究特制定了可及性框架及问卷调查，旨在提供实证指标，以监测向此目标迈进的过程。研究采用了五种数据收集工具：家庭成员清单、主问卷、健康观点问卷、医师补充问卷以及医院/扩展护理补充问卷。家庭成员清单收集了所有家庭成员的基本人口统计学信息，并作为疾病病例及少数民族样本筛选工具。主问卷收集了关于残疾、疾病症状、疾病病例、社会经济和人口统计学特征，以及医疗保健可及性的信息：所利用的医疗保健资源、与获取医疗资源相关的问题（例如，交通、停车、预约等待时间），所接受医疗服务的满意度，医疗诊断程序的利用情况，口腔护理和眼科护理，以及医疗保险覆盖范围和医疗保健自付费用。通过健康观点问卷对受访者接受医疗服务的观点进行了评估。医师补充问卷和医院/扩展护理补充问卷收集了与报告的疾病病例相关的联系医师及设施利用信息。文件1、文件2和文件3构成了本数据集的数据文件。文件1包含了家庭成员清单、主问卷、健康观点问卷的数据，以及来自次要来源的变量，例如由受访者指名的护理医师的来自美国医学协会医师主文件的特性，以及来自各种来源的受访者居住县的医疗短缺数据。文件2包含医师补充问卷的数据，而文件3则提供了医院/扩展护理补充问卷收集的数据。