Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) Streptococcus pneumoniae

ABCs is an ongoing surveillance program that began in 1997. <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/reports-findings/surv-reports.html">ABCs reports</a> describe the ABCs case definition and the specific methodology used to calculate rates and estimated numbers in the United States for each bacterium by year. The methods, <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/methodology/surv-pop.html">surveillance areas</a>, and <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/methodology/surv-pop.html">laboratory isolate collection areas</a> have changed over time.
Additionally, the way missing data are taken into account changed in 2010. It went from distributing unknown values based on known values of cases by site to use of multiple imputation using a sequential regression imputation method.
Given these changes over time, trends should be interpreted with caution.
<ul> <li> <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/abcs/methodology/index.html">Methodology</a>
Find details about surveillance population, case determination, surveillance evaluation, and more. </li> <li> <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/abcs/reports-findings/index.html">Reports and Findings</a>
Get official interpretations from reports and publications created from ABCs data. </li> </ul>

ABCs项目是一项始于1997年的持续监控计划。ABCs报告详细阐述了ABCs案例定义以及用于计算美国每年每种细菌的发病率及估计数量的具体方法。随着时间的推移，监控区域、实验室分离菌株收集区域的方法以及处理缺失数据的方式均有所变更。特别是自2010年起，从基于已知病例值分配未知值的方法转变为采用序列回归插补的多次插补方法。鉴于这些随时间的变化，对趋势的解读应持谨慎态度。

以下为相关链接信息：
<ul>
<li> <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/abcs/methodology/index.html">方法学</a> - 查询关于监控人群、病例确定、监控评估等方面的详细信息。</li>
<li> <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/abcs/reports-findings/index.html">报告与发现</a> - 获取由ABCs数据生成的报告和出版物中的官方解读。</li>
</ul>