Morphological measurements of the Pheidole worker caste in tropical ant communities of Southern Vietnam

Morphological differences and size variations among the worker castes of Pheidole ants are adaptive responses to the ecological niches they occupy in various tropical forest types in southern Vietnam. The use of different morphological traits for size differentiation between minor and major workers is driven by their specialized functions within the colony. This dataset contains detailed morphological data measured from different species of Pheidole ants, focusing on the worker caste within tropical communities of southern Vietnam. The dataset includes measurements of five key morphological traits aimed at evaluating morphological diversity and size differentiation between minor and major workers. The dataset presents the following information: species names, morphological measurements (HL - head length, HW - head width, WL - Weber's length, EL - eye length, HTL - hind tibia length), worker caste - minor/major.