Comparison of self-image aspects and quality of life domains in older adults practitioners and non-practitioners of pilates in Curitiba, Paraná

ABSTRACT This quantitative and descriptive cross-sectional study compares the self-image aspects and quality of life domains in older adults practitioners and non-practitioners of pilates in the city of Curitiba, Paraná. After sample calculation with effect size f (0.43), an intentional sampling was conducted, resulting in a study population of 93 older adults divided into three groups: pilates group, water aerobics group, and non-practicing group. Data was collected using a sociodemographic, economic, and self-image questionnaire, and the instruments WHOQOL-BREF and OLD. Statistical comparative analysis was performed using Anova, Chi-square test, and Bonferroni post hoc. Although the number of participants with low self-image was high, the comparison of this variable between groups showed no significant difference (X²= 3.72, p=0.15). Regarding the quality of life domains, the pilates and water aerobics groups had higher average values, in general. The WHOQOL-OLD instruments identified significant differences in the Autonomy domain (F(2.90)= 7.46, p=0.001) between the pilates and water aerobics groups when compared to the non-practicing group. As for the Death and Dying domain (F(2.90)= 4.46, p=0.01), the non-practicing group showed the highest values in relation to the pilates group. Results suggest that physical exercise can benefit older adults regarding quality of life, but not in isolation.