CD44 and CD29 Expression in Naïve bMSCs – Flow Cytometry Data (Fig 1E)

Flow cytometry analysis of surface markers CD29 (APC-labeled primary antibody) and CD44 (APC-labeled secondary antibody) in bovine mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) derived from various tissue origins—tail base (TB), subcutaneous fat (SC), and visceral fat (VC)—at passages 6 and 9 (P6, P9). Over 90% of cells expressed both markers across origins (n = 3 biological replicates). Controls include unstained cells (CA) and secondary antibody only (2AB) samples.