The association among environmental factors, economic factors and NCDs: implications for Thailand's economy

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a critical public health and economic challenge in Thailand. This research investigates the impact of environmental and economic factors on NCDs mortality including diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and chronic respiratory diseases. across Thai provinces between 2018 and 2021. By incorporating machine learning and spatial analysis, the study analyzes a range of satellite-derived environmental data, along with economic indicators. The application of machine learning with Random Forest Model provides a high-accuracy prediction of NCDs mortality rates, achieving predictive accuracies between 98% and 99%. The analysis reveals that population density, urbanization levels, economic conditions, land use patterns, and climatic factors are significant predictors of NCDs mortality. Spatial analysis further uncovers distinct spatial patterns and clusters of NCDs mortality, emphasizing the influence of geographical location and neighboring effects. These findings highlight the intricate linkages between environmental and economic determinants and their role in shaping NCDs mortality trends in Thailand. The results underscore the necessity for targeted public health policies and interventions that address specific environmental and economic risk factors, with the goal of reducing the NCDs burden and enhancing public health outcomes.